TRULY THE BEGINNING AND END
For
Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who
believes. (Rom.10:4)
“Christ
is the end of the law for righteousness”:
What
does that mean?
Religious
people, and I use the term deliberately, often believe, and hold
forth a doctrine which is proclaimed as truth, yet without proof.
Have you noticed that?
We
could use any number of current secular discussions as a good
illustration. I'll leave that to your wise counsel.
One
such doctrine is contained in our passage above, “Christ is the end
of the law”, and which, by itself, seems to contradict the historic
use by most Reformed Theology, of what is called “The Third Use of
the Law”, but, concurrently speaks one of the qualities of New
Covenant Theology.
Reformed
theology has maintained that there are three uses of the law:
1.Use
of the law to convict men of sin,
2.
Use of the law to restrain evil, and
3.
Use of the law as the biblical (and eternal) standard for Christian
behavior.
Take the time to search and you will find authoritative Reformed documents, affirming the three uses. At the same time we would find different opinions among those who follow New Covenant Theology, which,generally does not support the third use of the law as being supported from Scripture.
Regarding
the above passage,Vincents Word Studies says:
The
end of the law
(telov
nomou). First in the sentence as the emphatic point
of
thought. Expositors differ as to the sense.
1. The
aim. Either that the intent of the law
was to make men
righteous, which was accomplished in Christ, or that the law
led
to Him as a pedagogue (Gal.
iii. 24).
3.
The termination. To believers in Christ the law
has no longer legislative authority to say, "Do this and live;
do this or die" (Morison).
The
last is preferable. Paul
is discussing two materially exclusive systems,
the one based on doing, the other on believing. The system
of faith, represented by Christ, brings to an end and excludes the
system
of law;
and the Jews, in holding by the system
of law,
fail of the righteousness which is by faith. Compare Gal.
ii. 16;
iii.
2-14.
There
is no doubt in my mind that the last is the correct way to understand
it!
A
greater, much wiser man than I agrees. C.H.Spurgeon:
Now,
what has our Lord to do with the law? He has everything
to do with it, for
he is its end for
the noblest object, namely, for righteousness. He is the "end of
the law." What does this mean? I think it signifies
three things: first, that Christ is the purpose and object of the
law; secondly, that he is the fulfillment of it; and thirdly,
that he is the termination of it.
If this is so, and I
believe with all my heart it is; why do so many preachers, of every
persuasion, continue to put their congregations under the burden of
the law, Old Covenant as well as their own legal inventions?
Can it be that they,
themselves, haven't yet understood the full import of what Christ has
done?
John Calvin says:
For
the end of the law is Christ, etc. The
word completion,
seems
not to me unsuitable in this place; and Erasmus has rendered it
perfection:
but
as the other reading is almost universally approved, and is not
inappropriate, readers, for my part, may retain it.
The
Apostle obviates here an objection which might have been made against
him; for the Jews might have appeared to have kept the right way by
depending on the righteousness of the law. It was necessary for him
to disprove this false opinion; and this is what he does here. He
shows that he is a false interpreter of the law, who seeks to be
justified by his own works; because the law had been given for this
end, — to lead us as by the hand to another righteousness: nay,
whatever the law teaches, whatever it commands, whatever it promises,
has always a reference to Christ as its main object; and hence all
its parts ought to be applied to him. But this cannot be done, except
we, being stripped of all righteousness, and confounded with the
knowledge of our sin, seek gratuitous righteousness from him alone.
What
is it that causes such preachers to want, in essence, to be Jews
spiritually?
In
his book "The Law of Christ: A Theological Proposal", pp.
56-57, NCT pastor Blake White puts it well,
"Although
this tripartite distinction is historically rooted and held by many
men more respectable and learned than the present writer, it must be
rejected. this distinction simply will not hold up to exegesis. It is
a theological construction imposed on the Text of Scripture. For Paul
to accept circumcision is to obligate oneself to keep the whole law
(Gal. 5:3). for James, to fail in one point of the law is to become
accountable for all of it (Ja. 2:10). Everything God demanded from
Israel was moral. The law is a unit."
By
the time the second letter to the Corinthians is written, the church
had a problem with Judaizers.
This
congregation, mainly Gentile, with little understanding of grace, if
any, would not be thought to have a problem with the matter of rules
and regulations? Yet! This is what Paul is seeking to deal with in
chapter two (near the end) and with chapter three.
What
makes it possible for the legalism of Judaism to get a foot in the
door in this community of people? Sin! Sin
had raised its ugly head.
How
do you think the human heart and mind, one unchanged by God's
grace, comes up with an answer to such a problem? What does such a
mind, quite naturally, think of to fix such a problem, or any problem
regarding sin?
The
answer: The power of control! Make it illegal according to law, and,
impose that law on the people who are the church, such as this one at
Corinth!
Can
you think of a better way for the Judaizers to contradict Paul's words, whilst, at the same time, ignoring
the rest of what he said, "all things are lawful" ?
Such thinking says to itself," Let's just add a few codicils!" ( a testamentary instrument intended to alter an already
executed will) added to the last will and testament of God.
Legalists have never understood grace, and look at a church, such as the one at Corinth and focus on particular,
more obvious sins, and think to themselves, “These people have
far too much freedom. They need rules!”
In
the case of the church in Corinth, the Judaizers opinion of Paul would be
that he had been weak and allowed the Corinthian Christians too much freedom. This is utterly
abhorrent to such spiritual sheriffs. He not only allowed
them to think for themselves, he expected them to do so, as
responsible members of God's family. Paul understood the difference
between authoritative control, and teaching towards maturity!
To
the spiritual sheriffs among us, the cure is obvious! Well? Isn't it?
These
Corinthian Christians needed more law. They needed to have the moral
demands of the law slammed into their brains. They needed a sheriff
who could exercise authority, and demand obedience.
Sadly,
such legalists do not have the heart and mind of the Apostle Paul, an expert in the law, who had heeded the inspiration of God's Spirit, and “saw” that
the rule of religious law had been "brought to an end" (2
Cor. 3:11). These Corinthians, who were living in a law induced
darkness, needed to “see”, needed light shed upon the situation.
Exactly
as it is today, “the god of this world” (2 Cor.4:4), who,
according to Paul, had kept the Corinthians from understanding the
"the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ." (2 Cor.
4:4), is keeping people, even religious people, from “seeing” that marvelous light in all
it's majesty..
Paul,
of all people, knew what C.H
Spurgeon calls our attention to, the basic precept that the only way
to escape being conformed to the world, is to be transformed. The
word Paul used is metamorphoo
(Rom.12:2), meaning the transformation of an individual away from the
customs of a society, even a religious one, which will inevitably,
lead us away from God, unless, we are allowed to “see” by His
great love and grace (such grace being our instructor according to
Paul in Titus 2:12-13)
in an exercise of His divine power.
Until
this happens the world, including many who claim to be Christian,
will never see the evidence of what the mind of God is, nor the power
of His gracious work in us through Jesus Christ, by His Spirit.
This
amazing transformation doesn't come through obeying the moral demands
of the law, and the codicils introduced by spiritual sheriffs, can
never do so. Transformation into the image of Jesus comes through the
Holy Spirit giving grace to “see”, spiritually perceiving,
“seeing” Jesus Christ for whom He is and in His work of Redeemer
and Sacrificial Lamb , as Paul says in 2 Cor. 3:18,
And
we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are
being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to
another. For this comes from the Lord who is the Spirit.
By
the power and working of the Holy Spirit!
This
is why Paul is not proclaiming the Old Covenant, lord-ship of law,
faded-glory, message, which the Judaizers were promoting. Paul had
seen the risen living Lord, with his own eyes. He had also “seen”
with spiritual eyes, "Jesus Christ as Lord" (2 Cor. 4:5).
This
is the only message through which the people will receive life, and,
this is the message which sustains that life, only in those who are
genuine followers of Christ!
This
is the message that causes the body of people Peter referred to as
“living stones” to be the church which Jesus is building, and,
becoming a demonstration of the gracious love of a Father to His own,
and in which is revealed "the light of the knowledge of the
glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ".
What
this means for those who really are Christian, is that the
relationship with the law is in the past, prior to their receiving
the truths of the Gospel! They have been redeemed (Gal. 4:5) or 'set
free' (Rom. 7:6) from the law. In fact, as far as the law is
concerned, they are deceased, they have died to the reach of the law
(Rom. 7:4, 6, cf. Gal. 2:19).
Those
who are dead are not, under any circumstance, 'under law' (Rom.
6:14-15; cf. 1 Cor. 9:20). The work of the Lord, Jesus Christ has
brought an end to the law's jurisdiction over all, who are “in
Christ”. Death doesn't only bring an end to parts of the law, but
the entire law. When the demands of a law is fulfilled, that law has
been starved, and becomes useless for its original purpose. Jesus
Christ fulfilled all of the judicial requirements of the law to its
greatest, and most far reaching extent on behalf of those who are
truly “in Christ”, so they would be free from the dominion of law
and its legitimate threat of punishment, or retribution.
Sadly, it
isn't only in modern days that understanding the New Covenant
promises and fulfillment in Jesus Christ, is labelled “Antinomian”.
As Douglas Moo says,
"when
the 'antinomian' implications of Paul's teaching were raised as an
objection against that teaching, Paul responded not by introducing a
'new law' but by pointing to the Spirit (Gal. 5:16ff) and to union
with Christ (Romans 6)...any approach that substitutes external
commands for the Spirit as the basic norm for Christian living runs
into serious difficulties with Paul." (Douglas Moo, pp.
217-218, in "Continuity and Discontinuity: Perspectives on the
Relationship Between the Old and New Testaments")
The
Lord, Jesus Christ, is not only the fulfillment of the Law, but
everything the Old Testament was about. He was the goal of the law,
and from the very beginning, the Father's intention for it's end.
Christ
is the extreme point, at both, beginning and end (Rev.1:8; 21:6;
22:13). Christ is the full and final communication of whom God is, (1 John 4:16) which, to the fullest extent possible, bears on our understanding of
law and the New Covenant.